The Ultimate Guide of Shipping| Types of Ships
IMPORTANCE OF SHIPPING INDUSTRIES:-
A ship is a floating vessel used for transporting cargo across the oceans and thru rivers. In the merchant navy field, their Ships available in different sizes and configurations to transport various types of cargo. Ships have served mankind since pre-historical times. Modern ships made of steel, equipped with a very powerful engine, very large, operate at different speeds thought much slower than trucks, trains, and planes.
The importance of the role of shipping and ships are often appreciated from The actual fact is that ships transport about 95% of the world’s freight (including that by road, rail, air, and other means). Shipping is vital to the global economy. All of these attempts are made to make ships suitable and economical for carrying different kinds of cargo.
TYPES OF SHIPS:-
Ships are often categorized as follows: There are two major categories (not counting the ship for defense-Navy) namely cargo ships and passenger ships. Cargo ships are further subdivided into dry cargoes and wet cargoes.
· Container Ships
· Bulk Carriers
· Tanker Ship
· Service Ships
· Research vessel
· Offshore Supply Vessels
· Passenger Ship
Commercial Ships:-
General Cargo Vessels
Cargo ships are typically custom-built for the job and are often fitted with cranes and other mechanisms. A container ship moves commodities, supplies, and general cargo from one port to another.
·
Container Ships
Container ships are cargo ships that carry their entire load in truck-size intermodal containers and now about carrying 90% of the seagoing non-bulk cargo.
The capacity of a container ship is measured in 20-foot equivalent units (TEU).
Typical loads consist of a mix of ISO-standard 20-foot and 40-foot (2-TEU) containers, with the latter being the most common. About 19,000 TEU can be transported on modern container ships.
 |
| Image for representation purpose only - Containership |
Classification of the container ship depends based on sizes as follows:
1. Suezmax
2. Panamax
3. Post- Suezmax
4. Post- Panamax
5. Post- Malaccamax
Refrigerated Container Ships: These ships transport chilled cargo.
You must Checkout:-The Ultimate Guidance of GP Rating Course | All Details About GP Rating Course
· Bulk Carriers
A bulk carrier is a ship with cargo holds specifically designed to transport bulk cargo such as wheat, coal, ore, and cement.
Bulkers, who range in size from single-hold mini-bulkers to mammoth ore ships capable of carrying 400,000 MT, now make up 15 percent to 17 percent of the world's merchant fleet (DWT).
 |
| Bulk Carrier |
There is a range of specialized designs available, including those that can unload their own cargo, those that rely on port facilities for unloading, and even those that package the cargo while it is being loaded
1. Geared bulker
2. Gearless bulker
3. Self- discharging bulker
4. BIBO
· Tanker Ship
Tanker ships are specifically designed for carrying a large amount of liquid-type cargo. Tankers ship differentiated with other sub-categories based on the cargo they carry.
Gas Carrier or Liquified Gas Carrier
Gas carrier ships are ocean-going vessels that carry liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) of different types (LPG).To transport the gas, they are fitted with tankers with a flat surface, a spherical or cylindrical shape.
 |
| Gas Carrier or Liquified Gas Carrier Credit to: wikipedia.org |
Chemical Carrier and Product tanker
A chemical tanker is a ship designed to transport chemicals in bulk. Chemical tankers range from 5,000 to 35,000 DWT in size Chemical tankers usually have a set of individual cargo tanks that are either coated with advanced coatings like phenolic epoxy or zinc paint or made of stainless steel. The coating or cargo tank material decides what types of cargo a tank can carry: for aggressive acid cargoes like sulphuric and phosphoric acid, stainless steel tanks are needed, while 'easier' cargoes like vegetable oil can be carried in epoxy-coated tanks.
 |
| Chemical Carrier and product tanker |
Other types of tankers
Based on use, sizes tankers are divided into various types such as:
1. Panamax
2. Aframax
3. Suezmax
4. VLCC
5. ULCC
6. Capesize+
7. Handymax
Also readout:- Brief idea about Electro Technical Officer [ETO] in Merchant navy- Mariner4U
· Service Ships
1. Pure car/truck carrier (PCTC)
The bows of the vessels are aerodynamically rounded and beveled along the bowline to reduce wind resistance and minimize pressure from headwinds.
 |
| Pure car/truck carrier (PCTC) credit to: splash.com |
2. TugBoat
A tug (tugboat) is
a boat or ship that pushes or tows ships to navigate them.
Tugs transport
boats that can't or won't travel on their own, such as ships in congested
harbors or small canals, or those that can't move on their own, such as barges,
damaged ships, or oil platforms.
Tugboats are
powerful and well-built for their size, and some are capable of crossing the
ocean.
Tugboats are
capable of crossing the ocean and are strong and well-built for their size.
Many have firefighting monitors, which allow them to help with firefighting, especially in harbors.
 |
| TugBoat |
3. Dredger
Dredging is an
excavation practice that takes place underwater, in shallow waters, or in
freshwater areas, to collect bottom sediments and
widening/deepening a canal or passage.
This approach is commonly used to keep waterways navigable and establish an anti-sludge route for vessels, as well as to replenish sand on some public beaches where sand has been lost due to erosion.
 |
| Dredger |
· Research Vessel
 |
| Research vessel credit to: Unsplash.com |
· Offshore Supply Vessels
1.
MODU = Mobile Offshore Drilling
Units
MODUs or Mobile Offshore DrillingUnits are drilling and exploration facilities that have been built or modified. it is consists of drilling Vessels, semisubmersibles, jack-ups, and other similar facilities that can be transported quickly.
 |
| Mobile Offshore DrillingUnit image Credit to David Mark from Pixabay |
2. FPSO=Floating Production Storage and Offloading
FPSO (floating production storage and offloading) is a floating vessel located near an oil platform that processes and stores oil until it can be moved to a tanker for transportation. Former supertankers can be transformed into FPSOs, or they can be constructed from the ground up. An FLNG, or Floating Liquefied Natural Gas unit, is a natural gas-transporting vessel.
 |
| Floating Production Storage and offloading credit to Siemens energy.com |
3. Jack-Up Rigs
A jack-up rig, also known as a self-elevating device, is a mobile platform that consists of a buoyant hull with several movable legs that can lift the hull above the water's surface.
A drilling rig is a machine that drills holes in the subsurface of the earth. Drilling rigs may be large structures that house equipment for drilling water wells, oil wells, or natural gas extraction wells.
 |
| jack-up rigs |
4. Semisubmersibles
A semi-submersible platform is a specialized marine vessel used in a variety of offshore functions, including offshore drilling rigs, protection vessels, oil production platforms, and heavy lift cranes, and is constructed with good stability and seakeeping characteristics.
 |
| Semisubmersible Credit to: wikipedia.org |
5. Heavy Lift Vessel Happy River
Happy River was holding four columns of freight, the heaviest of which weighed 660.4mt.
 |
| Heavy lift vessel happy river Credit to: vesselfinder.com |
· Passenger Ship
A Primary function of the passenger is to carry passengers on the sea. in this ship limited number of passengers allotted for traveling from one port to another port or one station to another station.
The passenger ship is further divided into three main types.
1. Ferries
Ferries are generally used for traveling day to day or overnight for short distances of the port and small carry of vehicle.
 |
| Ferries Credit to: wikipedia.org |
2. Ocean Liners
An ocean liner is a passenger ship primarily used as a form of transportation across seas or oceans. Liners may also, carry cargo or passengers.
 |
| Passenger ship ocean liner Credit to: usatoday.com |
3. Cruise ship
A cruise ship (also known as a cruise liner or an ocean liner) is a large ship with sleeping cabins and other amenities that transports passengers on vacations and holidays. Every year, hundreds of thousands of people embark on cruises.
Cruise ships today are similar to floating hotels. They have a full "hospitality staff" as well as the normal ship's crew (to serve meals and assist passengers in other ways).
 |
| Cruise Ship |
Casinos, stores, a variety of restaurants, live entertainment and movie theatres, several pools, a daycare center, a gym, and a running track are all available on the biggest cruise ships. On the most expensive cruises, the crew and staff also outnumber the passengers. This means that those in charge of the cruise should provide a wide range of personalized services.
Hundreds of cruise ships sail around the world today. Some have a capacity of over 3,000 passengers. These are some of the world's largest ships. Cruise ships are one of the few ways for visitors to visit certain locations, such as Antarctica, where there are no other means of regular transportation. Mail and may sometimes be used for other purposes.
You Must Read:- Good news of Provident fund, Gratuity and Pension benefits for Indian seafarers - Mariner4U
No comments:
Post a Comment